The invention discloses a CO2 mineralization method capable of co-producing potassium-enriched solution by a high temperature method, which mainly comprises the following steps of: adequately and evenly mixing smashed potash feldspar-enriched ore power and calcium chloride, and carrying out conversion reaction under the condition that the temperature is not lower than 600 DEG C; putting material which is adequately converted into a reactor, adding water, charging CO2, and carrying out mineralization reaction under the condition that the CO2 partial pressure is 0.3-15MPa, and the temperature is 50-350 DEG C; and charging material liquid which is adequately mineralized into separation equipment to separate the solid from the liquid, wherein the liquid phase is the potassium ion-enriched potassium-enriched solution, and the solid phase is the calcium carbonate-containing mineralized product. The CO2 is mineralized by the technical method disclosed by the invention, and the conversion rate of the potash feldspar component in the ore reaches 96%, so that compared with the highest conversion rate 13% of the existing CO2 mineralization method capable of co-producing the potassium-enriched solution, the conversion rate of the CO2 mineralization method is improved by over 6.3 times.