The invention discloses a multifunctional fish vision experiment device comprising an upper computer system, a control system, a driving system and a backlight plate group. The control system is connected with the upper computer system and the driving system, and the driving system is connected with back light plates; the upper computer system is used for adjusting experiment parameters and controlling the color, luminance, lighting time interval and the like of each backlight plate as well as the luminance and color in each area; the control system is used for selecting several preset common experiment schemes, adjusting and checking part of the experiment parameters and sending corresponding orders and data to a driving plate through obtaining the experiment parameters input by a laboratory technician; and the driving system provides constant currents for the backlight plate group by utilizing a constant current circuit. The multifunctional fish vision experiment device has the characteristics of being simple in structure and convenient to operate and avoiding noises in an experiment process.