The invention discloses a test system for evaporation from water surface of salt water, which comprises a fresh water tank, a plurality of evaporation test barrels and a plurality of linear displacement sensors and a tour-inspection recording instrument, wherein the plurality of evaporation test barrels are arranged in the fresh water tank, the plurality of linear displacement sensors are arranged outside the fresh water tank, guide rails are arranged at the two sides of the fresh water tank, and movable rain shelters are arranged on the guide rails in a sliding way; each linear displacement sensor is fixed at the upper end of a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) tube with two blocked ends, one end of each linear displacement sensor, which is provided with a signal wire and a power line is arranged outside the PVC tube, and one end of the each linear displacement sensor, which is provided with a linkage rod, is arranged in the PVC tube, a buoy is arranged at the bottom end of the linkage rod, a first communicating pipe communicated with the evaporation test barrel is arranged on the side wall of the bottom end of the PVC tube, and an air hole is arranged at the top end of the PVC tube; and the plurality of linear displacement sensors are connected with the tour-inspection recording instrument. The test system is reasonable in design, convenient in construction, high in measurement efficiency and accuracy, low in cost and long in service life, has good representativeness and is convenient to be popularized for using.