The invention relates to a minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) supply system for processing of an outer-cooling type high-speed machine tool and an inner-cooling type high-speed machine tool, which mainly comprises a cutting oil atomizing chamber, a fine atomizing spray head, an electromagnetic valve A, a filtering pressure-reducing valve, a proportional pressure-reducing valve, a gas flow control valve A, a gas nozzle, an oil quantity control valve, a minitype oil pump, a one-way valve, a primary sedimentation chamber, a secondary sedimentation chamber and a cone-shaped body component, wherein the fine atomizing spray head is arranged at the upper part of an inner cavity of the atomizing chamber; the electromagnetic valve A, the filtering pressure-reducing valve and the fine atomizing spray head are sequentially connected together by gas delivery pipes; the filtering pressure-reducing valve, the proportional pressure-reducing valve, the gas flow control valve A and the gas nozzle are sequentially connected together by gas delivery pipes; the oil quantity control valve, the minitype oil pump and the one-way valve are sequentially connected together by oil pipes; the atomizing chamber is connected with the primary sedimentation chamber by an oil mist connecting pipe A; and the primary sedimentation chamber is connected with the secondary sedimentation chamber by an oil mist connecting pipe B. The MQL supply system is used for lubricating and cooling a processing area in mechanical processing.