The invention provides a telescopic article protection device, which comprises a column formed by sleeving and combining a fixed part and a sliding part which are tubes or rods. The sliding parts slides relative to the fixed part so that the overall length of the column is changed, the article protection device is further provided with an article fixing mechanism and a lock, the article fixing mechanism is divided into two portions connected onto the fixed part and the sliding part respectively, the lock is used for limiting the length of the column and preventing the column from extending in preset length; and an elastic object is further arranged between the fixed part and the sliding part so that the sliding part can flick towards the extending direction of the column when the lock is unlocked. The telescopic article protection device is adaptable to protecting articles of different heights, and businessmen can meet the requirement of the articles of different heights on thievery prevention only by arranging an anti-theft device, so that operating cost is saved for the businessmen. Moreover, the article fixing mechanism can automatically loosen connection with the articles after the lock is unlocked, and operation is extremely convenient.