Provided is a door window opening and closing device wherein the device width can be made small and wherein the movement of a retraction arm can be stabilized. In a body case (102) which is slender and extends in one direction, there is provided an arm block (121) for a retraction arm (104) which rotates from the open state to the closed state. On one side of the body case (102), there is provided a first slider (134) which, being interlocked with the rotation of the arm block (121), makes linear movements in one direction. In the body case (102), there is provided an arm shaft (105) which serves as the center of rotation of the arm block (121). A second slider (131) which, being interlocked with the rotation of the arm block (121), makes linear movements in one direction, is provided opposite the first slider (134), in such a way as to have the arm shaft (105) held between the first and second sliders (134, 131). On one side of the body case (102), there is provided a force applying member (128) which applies force on the first slider (134) in one direction. On the opposite side of the body case (102), there is provided a damper which resists the linear movement of the second slider (131).