The invention discloses a master station full-digital scene testing method of a power distribution automation system. Tidal current before power distribution network failure and fault short circuit current are computed by a master station injection test device according to the set fault position, type and nature and the current scene, fault information of a corresponding power distribution automation terminal is generated according to the computation result to be sent to a tested power distribution automation master station system, and in the fault treatment process of the tested power distribution automation master station system, the master station injection test device simulates the mutual information of the power distribution automation terminal and the tested distribution automation master station system so as to test the normal fault treatment process of the tested master station.