The invention discloses a method for culturing Cordyceps militaris by using highland barley as a main raw material, belonging to a fungus culture method in the biotechnology, in particular relates to a method for artificially culturing the fungus, and particularly relates to a method for artificially culturing Cordyceps militaris. The method comprises the following steps of preparing nutrient solution, preparing highland barley growing culture medium, preparing liquid strain, inoculating, culturing, harvesting and the like. The method has the beneficial effects that the highland barley is used as a medium raw material to culture Cordyceps militaris, and the nutrients of the highland barley are absorbed by Cordyceps militaris in the growth phase, so that the content of the effective ingredient cordycepin in the Cordyceps militaris is improved to 1% in the method from the original 0.5%, the content of effective ingredient cordycepic acid is improved to 9% of the product from the existing 6.1%, the content of effective ingredient cordyceps polysaccharide is improved to 10.5% of the product from the existing 7.4%, and the content of the effective ingredients of the Cordyceps militarisis totally improved by 200-250%; and the highland barley is used as the medium raw material to culture the Cordyceps militaris, and thus the obtained Cordyceps militaris has dual effects of the highland barley and the Cordyceps militaris.