The invention discloses a preparation method of a recyclable resin mold material and relates to a preparation method of a resin mold material. The method comprises the following steps of: grinding leftovers of an epoxy resin or polyurethane mold material or a waste mold into powder, and soaking and heating the powder with a polyurethane component or an epoxy resin active diluent component to swell the surface of the powder; adding epoxy resin or polyvalent alcohol or a curing agent or a graft initiator for swelling and polymerization on the surface of the powder to form an epoxy-polyurethane semi-interpenetrating polymer network (EPUsemi-IPNs); and pouring the EPUsemi-IPNs into a mold for curing to obtain the finished product. The recyclable epoxy-polyurethane mold material has the material hardness (SHORED 1) between 63 and 90, the bending intensity of more than 35 MPa (adjustable), the compression yield strength of more than 28 MPa (adjustable) and the heat deflection temperature of higher than 50 DEG C (adjustable). The method is applied to manufacturing of main models, reference models and samples, and supports mechanical machining and manual machining.