The invention discloses an ancient book image inpainting method and an ancient book image inpainting device and belongs to the field of image processing. The method comprises the following steps of: calibrating each binding hole in images of a document template page; positioning binding holes of the other images in a document according to the position of each binding hole in the images of the document template page, and selecting from image blocks adjacent to the calibrated area of each binding hole in the document; and filling the selected image block to the image area of each binding hole. A large amount of labour and time are saved by positioning the binding holes of the ancient book document page and massively selecting the image blocks around each binding hole and the image inpainting effect and the image inpainting performance are improved, so that the method and the device are of important significance and application value to the post processing and image application of various application system.