The invention relates to a corona back washing fluff removal device and method in a textile workshop. The device comprises a compression cylinder, a dust filter gauze, a piston and a central control computer, wherein one end of the compression cylinder, close to the end surface, is internally provided with the dust filter gauze, the piston is arranged in the compression cylinder and is connected to a power providing end by a connecting rod mechanism. The fluff removal device further comprises a corona generation mechanism, the dust attached to the surface of the dust filter gauze is electrified under the action of the corona, and is pulled out of the dust filter gauze under the action of electric field force and is adsorbed on a positive plate, and fluff can fall off automatically once the electricity is cut off between the pole plates, so as to finish the corona back washing process. In the practical application, the good effect is obtained, the life of the dust filter gauze is greatly prolonged and the fluff removal efficiency is improved.