The invention provides an aqueous emulsion preparation using rosin-based vegetable oil as a solvent and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a pesticide preparation. The aqueous emulsion preparation comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 50 percent of pesticide active ingredient, 3 to 20 percent of emulsifying agent, 0 to 8 percent of cosolvent, 0.1 to 3 percent of thickening agent, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of defoaming agent, 4 to 30 percent of rosin-based vegetable oil and the balance of water. The method comprises the following steps of: weighing the pesticide active ingredient, rosin-based vegetable oil, emulsifying agent and cosolvent, adding the weighed components into a reaction kettle, and mixing the components uniformly to form an oil phase; weighing the thickening agent, defoaming agent and water, and stirring and mixing the weighed components uniformly to form an aqueous phase; mixing the aqueous phase and the oil phase uniformly with stirring, and shearing and emulsifying the mixture for 20 to 60 minutes at a high speed under the condition of 4,000 to 10,000rpm/min to obtain the aqueous emulsion preparation using the rosin-basedvegetable oil as the solvent.