The invention discloses a method for preparing microwave-assisted non ball milling rare-earth superfine powder. A rare-earth compound is used as a raw material; ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid and the like are used as complexing agents; and the Y2O3: Eu and Y2O3: Er, Yb rare-earth superfine powder with small size and uniform distribution can be obtained by simple control of microwave, pH and heat insulation mode without any milling means. The preparation method is quick, time-saving, energy-saving, simple in equipment and safe and controllable to operate; an auxiliary dispersant does not need adding in the process, so the cost is saved and pollution is reduced; because milling is not needed, the damage to the crystal structure of the material is avoided, and the workload is relieved; and the obtained product has low hardness, small granule size (less than 100 nanometers) and uniform distribution.