The invention relates to a method for judging the failure properties of shielding failure and counterattack of a transmission line. In the method, a computer is adopted to collect and process data; and for a certain lightning tripping failure of the transmission line, a lightning protection simulation analysis program is adopted and the collected and processed data is applied by the analysis of the computer to perform simulation reduction and comparison analysis on a circuit-failing tower with the lightning tripping to obtain a judgment result based on the data of the transmission line provided by a running unit, circuit tripping failure data and the lightning activity information of a line corridor obtained by the query of a lightning positioning system. The method comprises the following basic steps of: (1) performing collection and clearing-up on the data of the transmission line and the circuit tripping failure data by adopting the computer; (2) querying the lightning activity information in the corridor of the failing tower by utilizing the lightning positioning system; (3) analyzing the lightning protection performance of the failing tower by the computer by utilizing the lightning protection simulation analysis program; and (4) checking the lightning protection performance and judging the failure property. The method is simple, convenient and easy to operate and convenient to popularize and apply, and ensures low cost.