The invention discloses a differential pressure measurement device, which comprises a differential pressure sensor and a first vent valve. One end of the differential pressure sensor is communicated with one end of the vent valve through a first gas conduit; the other end of the differential pressure sensor is communicated with the other end of the vent valve through a second gas conduit; the first gas conduit and the second gas conduit are respectively communicated with pressure stabilizing buffer devices; the pressure stabilizing buffer devices comprise buffer cavities; the first gas conduit and the second gas conduit are respectively communicated with one side of corresponding buffer cavities; the other side of the buffer cavities is respectively communicated with a third gas conduit and a fourth gas conduit; the inside diameter of the third gas conduit is smaller than that of the fourth gas conduit; and the fourth gas conduit is provided with a second vent valve. The differential pressure measurement device can ensure the accuracy of the differential pressure measurement and provides overload protection for the differential pressure sensor.