The invention discloses a cross-row traveling wide-narrow row close planting hand-held rice transplanter, comprising an engine, a ground traveling imitation mechanism, a driving wheel traveling system, a rice transplanting mechanism, a reciprocating mechanism of a rice case, and a hand-held operation system. The distance between the transplanting claws of the rice transplanter is arranged according to the width interval of a wide row and a narrow row. The two transplanting claws in the middle of the rice transplanter form a middle narrow row, a piece of blanket-shape seedlings on the rice case is taken by two crank rocker-type rice transplanting mechanisms at the same time to form the close planted wide-narrow row transplanting, and the crankshafts of the two crank rocker-type rice transplanting mechanisms are connected together. An operator can walk on the two wide rows adjacent to the narrow row in the middle. Due to that the left foot and the right foot of the operator step on the wide rows at the left side and the right side of the middle narrow row, and the traveling by one foot can reduce the width of the traveling row, therefore the close planting wide-narrow row transplanting operation with the larger transplanting density than that of the existing hand-held rice transplanters can be realized.