The invention discloses an active and passive hybrid double-layer sound absorbing system using a pressure relief method. The system is an active and passive hybrid double-layer sound absorbing structure based on the pressure relief method, wherein an error microphone is placed between two porous sound absorbing material layers and the thickness of each layer is optimized, so a good sound absorbing effect can be achieved by using a thinner sound absorbing material in a wider frequency band. Compared with the conventional passive sound absorbing structure with similar sound absorbing effect, the structure has the advantages of small thickness, obvious advantage in volume and simple implementation.