The invention relates to the technical field of spatial information management, in particular to a three-dimensional spatial data adaptive cache management method and system based on a Hash table. The invention adopts the object-oriented thought, combines the database run statistics analysis result and the computer system resource use conditions for cache adaptation adjustment and uses an object cache pool based on the Hash table for data storage management. The cache management method integrates the actual database run condition, equipment hardware information and object schedule information, sets the cache and the cache pool, carries out adaptive adjustment on the replacement algorithm function, improves the inquiry hit efficiency, organizes the scheduled objects in the cache pool based on the storage structure of the Hash table through object relation inquiry and shortens the object inquiry and organization time. The cache management method has high efficiency and can reduce system resource plunder, effectively solve the problem that the object model can not be dynamically organized and unitedly scheduled and be popularized and used in multiple object-oriented spatial data management software.