The invention discloses a metering calibration system and a calibration method of an adhesive tape conveyor. The adhesive tape conveyor a No.1 adhesive tape and a No.2 adhesive tape (1), wherein a discharging car is arranged at the tail end of the No.2 adhesive tape (1), and an adhesive tape metering scale (5) is arranged on the No.2 adhesive tape (1); a sensor part of the adhesive tape metering scale (5) is arranged at the middle section of the No.2 adhesive tape, and a display part of the adhesive tape metering scale (5) is arranged in a central control room; and a static scale (2) is arranged in a discharging car hopper (3) and the adhesive tape metering scale (5) is calibrated by weighing fixed amount of material. The metering calibration system of the invention can effectively shorten calibration time, and improve metering precision and reliability of the metering scale.