The invention provides a detection and analysis test stand of an electric control diesel engine injector, comprising a test stand casing, an oil supply system, a control system and a detection and display system, wherein the control system comprises a power supply, a transformer, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and a display screen control console which are sequentially connected; the PLC is respectively connected with an injector to be detected, a high-pressure oil pump of the oil supply system, various sensors, a spraying detector in the detection and display system and various solenoid valves in the detection and display system for oil delivery control; the transformer is respectively connected with the injector, the spraying detector in the detection and display system and an oil delivery pump in the oil supply system; the injector is fixed in the detection and display system; and the power supply is connected with the oil supply system which is connected with the detection and display system. The invention also provides a control method of the test stand, which is used for detecting various performances of the injector by the control of the PLC. The invention has the advantages of complete functions, high detection efficiency and the like and is applicable for tests of various automobile servicing stations, universities and colleges and research institutions.