The invention discloses a method and a device for estimating communication quality and a base station. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the quantity or the ratio of data signals going wrong in the data signals with different important degrees in a preset time; determining a weighting error ratio by utilizing the quantity or the ratio of the data signals going wrong in the data signals with different important degrees and weighting coefficients corresponding to the important degrees of the data signals, wherein the value of the weighting coefficient corresponding to the important degree of the data signal is bigger while the important degree of the data signal is higher; and estimating the communication quality of the data signal according to an original mean opinion score, an estimation coefficient of at least one estimator and the weighting error ratio. The embodiment of the invention can represent the influence of the wrong data signals with different important degrees on the communication quality of the data signals and can accurately estimate the communication quality of the data signals.