The invention relates to a maritime 4-component earthquake wave detection device which comprises a shell, a top cover, a piezoelectric seismometer, an upper partition board, a gimbal mount, a sleeve barrel, a lower partition board and three magneto-electric detectors, wherein the shell consists of an upper shell and a lower shell which are cylindrical and are connected by middle pipelines; the top cover is arranged on the top of the upper shell in which the piezoelectric seismometer is arranged; the upper and the lower partition boards are alternately arranged in the lower shell in parallel; the gimbal mount is arranged between the upper partition board and the lower partition board and comprises a regulating tray, a supporting ring and an inner and outer automatic regulating racks; the inner wall of the shell between the upper partition board and the lower partition board is provided with the outer automatic regulating rack correspondingly; the outer side of the provided supporting ring is in rotating match with the outer automatic regulating rack correspondingly; the regulating tray is arranged in the supporting ring in parallel and is in rotating match with the inner automatic regulating rack axially vertically arranged on the supporting ring; the three magneto-electric detectors are respectively embedded in a positioning groove arranged on the upper surface of the regulating tray, and the sleeve barrel is sheathed on the bottom end of the lower shell. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and reliable performance.