The invention belongs to the technical field of fluorinated polymer materials, and provides a functional high-exchange-capacity ion exchange resin with lateral groups of sulfuryl fluoride and sulphonate and a preparation method thereof. The resin is functional perfluorinated resin prepared through copolymerization of multiple elements, including tetrafluoroethylene, two kinds of sulfuryl fluoridelateral-group vinyl ether monomers with different structures and two kinds of sulphonate lateral-group vinyl ether monomers corresponding to the sulfuryl fluoride lateral-group vinyl ether monomers with different structures. In the polymer, the tetrafluoroethylene accounts for 50-90.9 percent of total molar fraction, the sulfuryl fluoride lateral-group vinyl ether monomers account for 8.8-49.9 percent of total molar fraction, and the sulphonate lateral-group vinyl ether monomers accounts for 0.01-0.3 percent of total molar fraction. A perfluorinated ion exchange membrane prepared with the resin not only has resistance against various chemical mediums, but also has the advantages of high ion exchange capacity, high conductivity, high mechanical strength, high size stability, low membrane resistance and long service life. Therefore, the perfluorinated ion exchange membrane prepared with the resin is applicable to the use in the fuel battery or the chlor-alkali electrolytic cell. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the resin.