The invention relates to application of a cellulose chiral membrane in splitting a mandelic acid racemic modification, which belongs to the technical field of chiral polymeric membranes in a separation technique. The cellulose chiral membrane is prepared by the following steps of: a, putting 20 grams of cellulose into a 1,500 mL two-mouth flask, and performing vacuum drying on the cellulose at the temperature of between 90 and 100 DEG C; b, adding 300 mL of anhydrous N,N-dimethylacetamide into the flask, stirring the mixture for 20 hours at the temperature of 100 DEG C, putting 30 grams of LiCl into the mixture, stirring solution, performing ultrasonic degassing for 2 hours, and standing the mixture for 2 days; c, pouring the solution in the step b on a clean glass sheet, scraping a membrane by using a membrane-scraping knife, evaporating the solution for 13 hours at room temperature, and then putting the glass sheet into a baking even in which the temperature is 50 DEG C to baking the membrane for 11 hours; and dipping the membrane into purified water to wash the membrane for 24 hours to obtain the cellulose chiral membrane. The application of the cellulose chiral membrane in splitting the mandelic acid racemic modification has the advantages that the obtained mandelic acid racemic modification has high purity (ee% is more than 90 percent), is energy-saving and environment-friendly, has a low cost, and is easy for continuous operations and large-scale industrial production.