The invention discloses a billiards identification device in order to accurately identify the classification of the billiards and promote the accuracy for placing the billiards by using the automatic billiards machine. A contact part between a billiards positioning groove and the billiards is of a concave shape in the front, back, left and right directions; a stepping motor drives the billiards positioning groove to rotate clockwise till the bottom of the right end is contacted with a support block; when the stepping motor stops rotating after rotating for a given step number, a noncontact type IC card reader reads the data in the noncontact type IC of the billiards core so as to identify the classification of the billiards; when the stepping motor drives the billiards positioning groove to rotate counterclockwise till the bottom of the left end is contacted with the support block and the stepping motor stops rotating after rotating for a given step number, the billiards will roll out from the billiards positioning groove and fall into a billiards carrying cylinder of a billiards placing mechanism. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and promoted accuracy for placing the billiards of the automatic billiards machine.