The invention discloses a method for the rapid bonding of cucuriturils to cellulose by using a microwave electrodeless lamp, which comprises the steps: mixing sulphydryl cellulose, as carrier, with cucuriturils in organic solvent by utilizing microwave to excite electrodeless light, implementing photopolymerization in a microwave reactor, and rapidly immobilizing the cucuriturils to the cellulose. Without the course of long-time immobilization reaction, the method can effectively immobilize the cucuriturils effectively within 60 minutes to greatly shorten reaction time, and the cellulose bonded with cucuriturils can serve as adsorbent, filtering agent, etc. for organic and inorganic pollutants.