The invention provides an intelligent method for fusing X-ray dual-energy transmission with Compton backscatter images, and relates to an intelligent technique for fusing X-ray dual-energy transmission with Compton backscatter images in the technical field of radiation detection. The method mainly solves the technical problem that the prior detection image display lacks a method of fusing varioustypes of information in one image for simultaneous display. The method mainly takes an image registration technique as a basis, utilizes an information fusion technique to combine X-ray dual-energy transmission images with Compton backscatter images to give full play to respective advantages, and simultaneously expresses information in various aspects from detected luggage on one fusion image so as to form a more simple and practical platform for displaying and analyzing fusion images. The method is suitable for security inspection display equipment needing to quickly and accurately acquire the information of detected luggage, particularly for equipment sensitively detecting high-density substances with small atomic number.