The invention provides an artificial cochlea speech processing method based on frequency modulation information and an artificial cochlea speech processor. The artificial cochlea speech processing method comprises the following steps: pre-emphasizing a speech signal; decomposing the speech signal by an analysis filter into a plurality of sub frequency bands; then, extracting the time-domain envelope information of each sub frequency band signal; adopting a Hilbert transform method to extract the frequency modulation information of a low-frequency part to multiple by time-domain envelopes so as to acquire a synthetic time-domain envelope containing the frequency modulation information; utilizing various acquired time-domain envelopes of the sub frequency bands to modulate a pulse sequence by a pulse generator; adding modulated pulses of various sub frequency bands to acquire a finally synthesized stimulus signal; and sending the stimulus signal to an electrode to generate an electric pulse to stimulate the auditory nerve. The artificial cochlea speech processor is suitable for deafness patients speaking Chinese as a native language to recognize speeches in a noise environment and has noise robustness, thereby enabling the deafness patients to feel more fine speech structure information, enhancing the speech recognition abilities of the deafness patients in the noise environmentand benefiting the tone recognition.