The invention relates to a multi-wavelength nucleic acid protein chromatographic separating and detecting device, which is composed of a controller, an ultraviolet light source, an interference filter for splitting beam, a sample cell, a photoelectric cell, a signal amplifier, a logarithm converter and an A/D converter; the device adopts a two-channel A/D converter, the ultraviolet light source is formed into two beams of monochromatic light with different wavelengths after being light-split by two interference filters, two beams of the monochromatic light are respectively transmitted on the photoelectric cell after being reflected on the sample cell by a light path and a slit, the photoelectric cell obtains two paths of electrical signal which are proportional to transmission light intensity by a photoelectric converter, the electrical signal is connected with the signal amplifier to amplify the signal, is connected with the logarithm converter to carry out logarithmic conversion of the signal, the signal obtained by the logarithmic conversion is proportional to light adsorption in the sample cell and is connected with the two-channel A/D converter which outputs digital signal; acontrol terminal and an output terminal of the A/D converter are connected with the controller which is connected with an interface circuit for carrying out signal processing of a host computer server.