The invention discloses a real dual-energy multi-view X ray luggage explosive substance automatic detection device, which comprises a system control and signal processing circuit unit, a comprehensive processing computer, a detection unit, a conveyer and a conveying passage, wherein the detection unit is arranged in the conveying passage and comprises a left bottom photo prospective module adopting a real dual-energy X ray detecting mode as well as a left top photo prospective module and a right bottom prospective module both of which adopt a one-source dual-detection dual-energy X ray detecting mode. During use, the conveyer conveys luggage to the conveying passage, three-view X rays perform the transmission scanning of the luggage, the detector receives a signal and transmits the signal to the system control and signal processing circuit unit for processing, the result of the processing is transmitted to the comprehensive processing computer, the automatic detection of the explosive substances in the luggage is performed in the comprehensive processing computer, and the detection results are displayed on the comprehensive processing computer. The device has the advantages of high detection precision, quick detection, high detection sensitivity and strong interference-resistance capability.