The invention discloses a photochromic thiophene-thiazole heterocycle hybrid asymmetric perfluorocyclopentene compound, a preparation method and application. The photochromic material can keep good photochromic performance in solution or films, has good chemical and thermal stability, remarkable fatigue resistance, high cyclized quantum yield, good sensitivity and the like in an open ring state (a colorless state) and a closed ring state (a color state), and has appointed absorption wavelength; the absorption spectrum in the color state is between 400 and 600 nanometers and is just matched with a laser device with the wavelength of 532 nanometers; the photochromic material can be used for the preparation of an organic photochromic photon recording medium with shorter wavelength, and also can be used for fluorescence detection and a fluorescent light-operated switch; and the photochromic material is primarily used for high-density holographic optical storage, and the storage attribute of the photochromic material is erasable photon type storage.