The invention relates to the field of fingerprint image processing, in particular to a fingerprint image orientation enhancement method. The technical proposal adopted in the invention comprises the following steps of: 1) adding a step of Gabor pre-filtering, adjusting filtering parameters again after conducting preliminary directional filtering enhancement on the original image, and conducting secondary accurate Gabor filtering; and 2) adopting a self-adaptive measure of a Gabor filter transmission band to calculate respective numerical characteristics of the original fingerprint image and the pre-filtered fingerprint image and dynamically adjust the width of the filter transmission band. The fingerprint image orientation enhancement method has the beneficial effects: 1) the method improves the defects of the prior art that filtering is only implemented for once, the filtering parameter is an fixed experience value, and the filtering effect is too rough; 2) fingerprint ridges obviously separate, the edges of the ridges are smooth, the noise points are removed from the fingerprint ridges, and the original features such as scar and the like are kept simultaneously; and 3) compared with the prior art, the uniformity and definition of the fingerprint ridges, the capability of recovering the broken ridges and the like are remarkably improved.