The invention discloses a surface plasma resonance detection method of morphine, belonging to the detection technical field. A morphine molecular identification sensitive chip of an optical sensor is taken as a sensing chip of a surface plasma resonance detector, and the surface plasma resonance detector is utilized to detect light intensity change of total reflected light at the interface between a sample to be detected and the molecular identification sensitive chip to directly determine the morphine content in the sample to be detected when the sample to be detected passing through the sensing chip surface. The detection method has the characteristics of severe environment resistant, high selectivity, fast response and simple operation and not only improves the sensitivity of the method but also reduces detection cost accordingly.