The invention discloses a unidirectional single layer suspended cable structure light partition wall and construction method thereof. The light partition wall is composed by combining a sound-absorbing board, a support frame, and a connecting member for connecting the sound-absorbing board and the support frame. The support frame comprises an upper beam connected under the roof, a lower beam connected to the floor, and unidirectional suspended cables connected at interval between the upper beam and the lower beam, wherein the interval among the unidirectional suspended cables is equal to the width of the sound-absorbing board; the four edges of the sound-absorbing board are connected with frames, and the four corners of the frames are connected with corners via screws, and the four corners are provided with screw holes; the connecting member is formed into a clamping plate type connecting member by a pair of clamping plates, four screws passing through the clamping plates, and a nut assembly, the middle parts of the clamping surfaces are respectively provided with an arc slots used for clamping the unidirectional suspended cables, the four corners of the two clamping plates are both opened with through holes, the four screws respectively pass through the through holes of the clamping plates and the screw holes on the corners of one sound-absorbing board, and the nut assembly connects the sound-absorbing board and the unidirectional suspended cabled fixedly. The invention solves the technical problems that the sound-absorbing wall in not attached to a building envelope and need cool construction.