The invention discloses a die locking and adjusting device for a two-plate injection molding machine, which belongs to a mechanical die closing mechanism and solves the technical problems that the prior mechanism has a complex structure and is inconvenient to repair, and the die locking force cannot be controlled at will. The device comprises a machine frame (14), a fixed die plate (1), a movable die plate (2), and guide rails, wherein the guide rails comprise a plane guide rail (16) and a mountain shaped guide rail (15) which are arranged on the machine frame (14) respectively; the bottom surface of the movable die plate (2) is fixedly provided with a plane gliding foot (18) and a mountain shaped gliding foot (17) respectively; the plane gliding foot (18) and the mountain shaped gliding foot (17) of the movable die plate (2) are matched with the plane guide rail (16) and the mountain shaped guide rail (15) respectively; and four corners of the movable die plate (2) are fixedly provided with four die locking oil cylinders respectively, four corners of the fixed die plate (1) are fixedly provided with four clamping devices respectively, and a die moving oil cylinder is arranged between the movable die plate and the fixed die plate. The die locking and adjusting device has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, and portable opening.