The invention provides a DC-pulse-type dual-electrode micro-miniature grinding and polishing tool and belongs to the field of the optical surface processing tool. The invention aims to design a point-contact-type integrative miniature deterministic grinding and polishing tool. The polishing tool is composed of a puller bolt, a casing, a battery, a circuit board and electrodes. Pulsed high voltageis outputted to two needle electrodes of a positive one and a negative one by an oscillation circuit system, the rheological liquid of the high voltage field ionization between the positive and the negative electrodes generates the rheological effect, the apparent viscosity is significantly enhanced and aggregation occurs. The particulate grinding material capable of grinding and polishing is in discrete distribution between the two needle electrodes to form a chain structure, the relative movement between the combined tool and the processed workpieces achieves the removal of the material on the workpiece surface and the purpose of fine grinding and polishing. The grinding and polishing machine is applicable to ultra-precise processing of the small-caliber optical heterotypic curved surfaces.