Disclosed is a photosensitive composition for volume hologram recording which is excellent in refractive index modulation and polymerizability and does not change in volume before and after photocuring. Specifically disclosed is a photosensitive composition for volume hologram recording characterized by containing a photopolymerizable, volume-expandable compound and a photopolymerization initiator. This photosensitive composition for volume hologram recording is excellent in polymerizability and refractive index modulation. In addition, this photosensitive composition for volume hologram recording does not change in volume before and after it is photocured.