A display unit based on the microencapsulation technology comprises a fluid chamber and an electrode structure. The fluid chamber comprises a microencapsulation provided with charges and at least twotypes of fluid; the two types of fluid which are contacted with each other can not mix with each other; in addition, the external of the fluid chamber can not mix with the fluid; and different opticalproperties exist among all types of fluid. The electrode structure comprises two electrodes respectively arranged at two ends of the fluid chamber, and two openings are arranged at two ends which areopposite to each other on the chamber wall; the openings are connected with each other by an external fluid tube, so that the fluid can access to the chamber. The fluid tube is made of transparent material, and is worked as an observation surface. Voltage is added to the electrodes to generate electrical field force, thereby driving the microencapsulation with charges to move in the chamber, andfurther driving the fluid to flow in the chamber and the fluid tube; so that the fluid tube can show different optical properties. By adopting at least one display unit of the invention, a low-energy-consumption display device based on the microencapsulation technology can be achieved.